Spectral and Linewidth Properties Investigation of Backward-Wave Optical Parametric Oscillators pumped by Single-Frequency Nanosecond Pulses for IPDA Applications

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This investigation characterizes the spectral properties of Backward-Wave Optical Parametric Oscillators (BWOPOs) for use in Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) lidar. By employing high-frequency heterodyne beat-note measurements, the study identifies spectral broadening and frequency chirp patterns in nanosecond pulses. These findings are critical for optimizing lidar frequency stability and enhancing the accuracy of greenhouse gas monitoring from space.